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It’s difficult to provide general or average costs, because every situation is very different and everyone has a different relationship with their manufacturer or dealer or charging company in terms of what they can obtain buses and charging infrastructure. For buses, type C and Type D units range around $375,000 per bus. For charging infrastructure, this varies greatly because sometimes the utility will cover significant amounts of the charging infrastructure, but in some cases, you’re left with paying for everything. If you have a utility with a make-ready program, you may be limited to only having to buy the charging station, which can be as low as $15,000 per unit.

However, if you’re having to pay for the upgrades of the infrastructure on your side of the meter and the utility side of the meter, that can push your charging infrastructure cost up to well over $60,000 per bus. Speak with your utility and understand what they’ll cover so that you understand what your potential costs might be in the long run.

Everybody should understand what they’re dealing with when it comes to operational needs and how weather impacts electric school buses. Our Quebec fleet is using Lion type C school buses with 132 kilowatt-hour battery packs. Those are the ones that are producing in the 80-to-90-mile range for us. As we begin to drop down to lower temperatures, well below freezing, even below zero in Quebec, we see that range drop down to 70 miles.

Most school bus manufacturers now are offering battery packs in the range of 155 kilowatt hours to 220 kilowatt- hour packs. We are beginning to see much greater ranges out of those buses. But you still need to take into account the mileage driven and the temperatures because that will impact the performance. You should be able to easily achieve 100 to 120 miles out of these 220 kilowatt-hour battery packs. Even on cold weather days, you shouldn’t be dropping much below 100 miles on a single charge.

This is what we all want to work toward. We think this is what the Clean School Bus Program and other funding programs will do to reduce the cost of school buses so that we can reach total cost of ownership parity with fossil fuel units. Our analysis tends to indicate that by 2029, we should be seeing parity cost. What that means is the bus will probably cost more than your traditional diesel unit, but your total cost of ownership will be the same as a diesel unit or potentially lower.

The maintenance of electric school buses should be a net positive for all who bring them in to their fleets. We are seeing a significant reduction in maintenance for electric school buses. We all know there are no fluids to be dealt with. Brake issues are few and far between. There are fewer moving parts, so you should see a significant reduction in the maintenance, not only in the cost but in the time that you need dedicated to it. That is one of the reasons we view electric as the future of student transportation. It is an easier bus to maintain, and an easier bus to operate that will bring benefits to all who bring them into their fleet.

At this point, the traditional diesel mechanic will have to have some new training, First and foremost, they have to have new personal protection equipment that they will need to wear when working on high voltage systems. What we recommend for those who are bringing electric school buses into their fleet is work with their manufacturer and/or dealer who is providing that initial training to school districts that have maintenance staff that will be working on these.

It’s critical because each bus has its own approach to how maintenance should be done. Most of the issues are still typical school bus issues, but when dealing with a high voltage system, it does require specialized training and specialized equipment in order to maintain. However, most bus manufacturers and dealers are providing service for at least a year on the maintenance, and so you will have time to assist in that transition and get your staff trained to how they need to be in order to work on the buses.

You should also include cross-training your mechanics to work on the charging infrastructure as well. Again, when installed, those who install and produce the charging stations will offer training. This equips your staff to be well trained on those so they can have the ability to keep the charging infrastructure working and functioning.

One of the biggest changes we may see on the maintenance side is the need to raise the bus up on a lift in order to get to the battery packs and remove them. So therefore, yes, you are looking at potentially having to have a higher ceiling in order to lift the bus up. This is something we’re continuing to explore at this time to see what solutions might be out there, and we hope will be some more coming along.